In Korea, installing systems in the public sector that utilize renewable energy is required in accordance with the recently implemented alternative energy use law, and the introduction of geothermal heat pump systems that use geothermal power have been increasing rapidly. The ground source heat pump system has been growing more than 10% annually in more than 30 countries over the past decade owing to its significant advantages utilizing renewable energy and high efficiency. Thus, the performance was considered to have improved due to the flow of activated groundwater in the ground and the rapid heat transfer without heat accumulation. In addition, regarding a balancing well underground heat exchanger, the cooling operation exhibited superior thermal conductivity characteristics. The comparison and analysis results of the effective heat map characteristics using the results of the SCW and balancing well system showed that the heating operation for the SCW underground heat exchanger had better thermal conductivity characteristics than the cooling operation. Therefore, suggesting the performance was improved using groundwater flow rather than SCW. Consequently, the cross-mixing balancing well underground heat exchanger exhibited more effective thermal conductivity than the SCW underground heat exchanger, with a high COP. Using the standing column well (SCW) and cross-mixing balancing well underground heat exchanger, we compared and analyzed the effective thermal conductivity characteristics and COP characteristics during heating and cooling modes. This study proposed a technology to improve the performance characteristics and coefficient of performance (COP) of a geothermal system by fundamentally preventing underground water discharge and maintaining a constant temperature of the underground heat exchanger composed of bleed discharge water that utilizes two balancing wells using cross-mixing methods.
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